mysql_common/value/convert/

mod.rs

// Copyright (c) 2017 Anatoly Ikorsky
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0
// <LICENSE-APACHE or http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0> or the MIT
// license <LICENSE-MIT or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>, at your
// option. All files in the project carrying such notice may not be copied,
// modified, or distributed except according to those terms.

use btoi::{btoi, btou};
use num_traits::ToPrimitive;
use regex::bytes::Regex;

use std::{
    any::type_name,
    borrow::Cow,
    convert::{TryFrom, TryInto},
    rc::Rc,
    str::from_utf8,
    sync::Arc,
    time::Duration,
};

use crate::value::Value;

pub mod bigdecimal;
pub mod bigdecimal02;
pub mod bigdecimal03;
pub mod bigint;
pub mod chrono;
pub mod decimal;
pub mod time;
pub mod time02;
pub mod uuid;

lazy_static::lazy_static! {
    static ref DATETIME_RE_YMD: Regex = Regex::new(r"^\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}$").unwrap();
    static ref DATETIME_RE_YMD_HMS: Regex =
        Regex::new(r"^\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2} \d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2}$").unwrap();
    static ref DATETIME_RE_YMD_HMS_NS: Regex =
        Regex::new(r"^\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2} \d{2}:\d{2}:\d{2}\.\d{1,6}$").unwrap();
    static ref TIME_RE_HH_MM_SS: Regex = Regex::new(r"^\d{2}:[0-5]\d:[0-5]\d$").unwrap();
    static ref TIME_RE_HH_MM_SS_MS: Regex =
        Regex::new(r"^\d{2}:[0-5]\d:[0-5]\d\.\d{1,6}$").unwrap();
    static ref TIME_RE_HHH_MM_SS: Regex = Regex::new(r"^[0-8]\d\d:[0-5]\d:[0-5]\d$").unwrap();
    static ref TIME_RE_HHH_MM_SS_MS: Regex =
        Regex::new(r"^[0-8]\d\d:[0-5]\d:[0-5]\d\.\d{1,6}$").unwrap();
}

/// Returns (year, month, day, hour, minute, second, micros)
#[cfg(any(feature = "chrono", all(feature = "time02", test)))]
fn parse_mysql_datetime_string(bytes: &[u8]) -> Option<(u32, u32, u32, u32, u32, u32, u32)> {
    let len = bytes.len();

    #[derive(PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord)]
    #[repr(u8)]
    enum DateTimeKind {
        Ymd = 0,
        YmdHms,
        YmdHmsMs,
    }

    let kind = if len == 10 && DATETIME_RE_YMD.is_match(bytes) {
        DateTimeKind::Ymd
    } else if len == 19 && DATETIME_RE_YMD_HMS.is_match(bytes) {
        DateTimeKind::YmdHms
    } else if 20 < len && len < 27 && DATETIME_RE_YMD_HMS_NS.is_match(bytes) {
        DateTimeKind::YmdHmsMs
    } else {
        return None;
    };

    let (year, month, day, hour, minute, second, micros) = match kind {
        DateTimeKind::Ymd => (..4, 5..7, 8..10, None, None, None, None),
        DateTimeKind::YmdHms => (
            ..4,
            5..7,
            8..10,
            Some(11..13),
            Some(14..16),
            Some(17..19),
            None,
        ),
        DateTimeKind::YmdHmsMs => (
            ..4,
            5..7,
            8..10,
            Some(11..13),
            Some(14..16),
            Some(17..19),
            Some(20..),
        ),
    };

    Some((
        btou(&bytes[year]).unwrap(),
        btou(&bytes[month]).unwrap(),
        btou(&bytes[day]).unwrap(),
        hour.map(|pos| btou(&bytes[pos]).unwrap()).unwrap_or(0),
        minute.map(|pos| btou(&bytes[pos]).unwrap()).unwrap_or(0),
        second.map(|pos| btou(&bytes[pos]).unwrap()).unwrap_or(0),
        micros.map(|pos| parse_micros(&bytes[pos])).unwrap_or(0),
    ))
}

/// `FromValue` conversion error.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, thiserror::Error)]
#[error("Couldn't convert the value `{:?}` to a desired type", _0)]
pub struct FromValueError(pub Value);

/// Implement this trait to convert a value to some type.
///
/// The `FromRow` trait requires an ability to rollback this conversion to an original `Value`
/// instance. Thats the reason why there is the `Intermediate` type – consider implementing
/// `Into<Value>` for your `Intermediate` type if you want `FromRow` to work with your type.
pub trait FromValue: Sized {
    type Intermediate: TryFrom<Value, Error = FromValueError> + Into<Self>;

    /// Will panic if could not convert `v` to `Self`.
    fn from_value(v: Value) -> Self {
        match Self::from_value_opt(v) {
            Ok(this) => this,
            Err(e) => panic!("Could not retrieve `{}`: {e}", type_name::<Self>(),),
        }
    }

    /// Will return `Err(Error::FromValueError(v))` if could not convert `v` to `Self`.
    fn from_value_opt(v: Value) -> Result<Self, FromValueError> {
        Self::Intermediate::try_from(v).map(Into::into)
    }

    /// Will return `Err(Error::FromValueError(v))` if `v` is not convertible to `Self`.
    fn get_intermediate(v: Value) -> Result<Self::Intermediate, FromValueError> {
        Self::Intermediate::try_from(v)
    }
}

/// Intermediate result for a type that requires parsing.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq)]
pub struct ParseIr<T>(pub T, pub Value);

impl<T> ParseIr<T> {
    pub fn commit(self) -> T {
        self.0
    }

    pub fn rollback(self) -> Value {
        self.1
    }
}

/// Intermediate result for a type that optionally requires parsing.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq)]
pub enum ParseIrOpt<T> {
    /// Type instance is ready without parsing.
    Ready(T),
    /// Type instance is successfully parsed from this value.
    Parsed(T, Value),
}

impl<T> ParseIrOpt<T> {
    pub fn commit(self) -> T {
        match self {
            ParseIrOpt::Ready(t) | ParseIrOpt::Parsed(t, _) => t,
        }
    }

    pub fn rollback(self) -> Value
    where
        T: Into<Value>,
    {
        match self {
            ParseIrOpt::Ready(t) => t.into(),
            ParseIrOpt::Parsed(_, v) => v,
        }
    }
}

macro_rules! impl_from_value_num {
    ($ty:ident) => {
        impl TryFrom<Value> for ParseIrOpt<$ty> {
            type Error = FromValueError;

            fn try_from(v: Value) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
                match v {
                    Value::Int(x) => $ty::try_from(x)
                        .map(ParseIrOpt::Ready)
                        .map_err(|_| FromValueError(Value::Int(x))),
                    Value::UInt(x) => $ty::try_from(x)
                        .map(ParseIrOpt::Ready)
                        .map_err(|_| FromValueError(Value::UInt(x))),
                    Value::Bytes(bytes) => match btoi(&*bytes) {
                        Ok(x) => Ok(ParseIrOpt::Parsed(x, Value::Bytes(bytes))),
                        _ => Err(FromValueError(Value::Bytes(bytes))),
                    },
                    v => Err(FromValueError(v)),
                }
            }
        }

        impl From<ParseIrOpt<$ty>> for $ty {
            fn from(value: ParseIrOpt<$ty>) -> Self {
                value.commit()
            }
        }

        impl From<ParseIrOpt<$ty>> for Value {
            fn from(value: ParseIrOpt<$ty>) -> Self {
                value.rollback()
            }
        }

        impl FromValue for $ty {
            type Intermediate = ParseIrOpt<$ty>;
        }
    };
}

impl_from_value_num!(i8);
impl_from_value_num!(u8);
impl_from_value_num!(i16);
impl_from_value_num!(u16);
impl_from_value_num!(i32);
impl_from_value_num!(u32);
impl_from_value_num!(i64);
impl_from_value_num!(u64);
impl_from_value_num!(isize);
impl_from_value_num!(usize);
impl_from_value_num!(i128);
impl_from_value_num!(u128);

impl TryFrom<Value> for ParseIrOpt<bool> {
    type Error = FromValueError;

    fn try_from(v: Value) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        match v {
            Value::Int(0) | Value::UInt(0) => Ok(ParseIrOpt::Ready(false)),
            Value::Int(_) | Value::UInt(_) => Ok(ParseIrOpt::Ready(true)),
            Value::Bytes(ref bytes) => match bytes.as_slice() {
                [b'0'] => Ok(ParseIrOpt::Parsed(false, v)),
                [b'1'] => Ok(ParseIrOpt::Parsed(true, v)),
                _ => Err(FromValueError(v)),
            },
            v => Err(FromValueError(v)),
        }
    }
}

impl From<ParseIrOpt<bool>> for bool {
    fn from(value: ParseIrOpt<bool>) -> Self {
        value.commit()
    }
}

impl From<ParseIrOpt<bool>> for Value {
    fn from(value: ParseIrOpt<bool>) -> Self {
        value.rollback()
    }
}

impl FromValue for bool {
    type Intermediate = ParseIrOpt<bool>;
}

impl TryFrom<Value> for ParseIrOpt<f32> {
    type Error = FromValueError;

    fn try_from(v: Value) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        match v {
            Value::Float(x) => Ok(ParseIrOpt::Ready(x)),
            Value::Bytes(bytes) => match from_utf8(&bytes) {
                Ok(f) => match f.parse::<f32>() {
                    Ok(x) => Ok(ParseIrOpt::Parsed(x, Value::Bytes(bytes))),
                    _ => Err(FromValueError(Value::Bytes(bytes))),
                },
                _ => Err(FromValueError(Value::Bytes(bytes))),
            },
            v => Err(FromValueError(v)),
        }
    }
}

impl From<ParseIrOpt<f32>> for f32 {
    fn from(value: ParseIrOpt<f32>) -> Self {
        value.commit()
    }
}

impl From<ParseIrOpt<f32>> for Value {
    fn from(value: ParseIrOpt<f32>) -> Self {
        value.rollback()
    }
}

impl FromValue for f32 {
    type Intermediate = ParseIrOpt<f32>;
}

impl TryFrom<Value> for ParseIrOpt<f64> {
    type Error = FromValueError;

    fn try_from(v: Value) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        match v {
            Value::Double(x) => Ok(ParseIrOpt::Ready(x)),
            Value::Float(x) => Ok(ParseIrOpt::Ready(x.into())),
            Value::Bytes(bytes) => match from_utf8(&bytes) {
                Ok(f) => match f.parse::<f64>() {
                    Ok(x) => Ok(ParseIrOpt::Parsed(x, Value::Bytes(bytes))),
                    _ => Err(FromValueError(Value::Bytes(bytes))),
                },
                _ => Err(FromValueError(Value::Bytes(bytes))),
            },
            v => Err(FromValueError(v)),
        }
    }
}

impl From<ParseIrOpt<f64>> for f64 {
    fn from(value: ParseIrOpt<f64>) -> Self {
        value.commit()
    }
}

impl From<ParseIrOpt<f64>> for Value {
    fn from(value: ParseIrOpt<f64>) -> Self {
        value.rollback()
    }
}

impl FromValue for f64 {
    type Intermediate = ParseIrOpt<f64>;
}

fn mysql_time_to_duration(
    days: u32,
    hours: u8,
    minutes: u8,
    seconds: u8,
    microseconds: u32,
) -> Duration {
    let nanos = (microseconds) * 1000;
    let secs = u64::from(seconds)
        + u64::from(minutes) * 60
        + u64::from(hours) * 60 * 60
        + u64::from(days) * 60 * 60 * 24;
    Duration::new(secs, nanos)
}

impl TryFrom<Value> for ParseIrOpt<Duration> {
    type Error = FromValueError;

    fn try_from(v: Value) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        match v {
            Value::Time(false, days, hours, minutes, seconds, microseconds) => {
                let duration = mysql_time_to_duration(days, hours, minutes, seconds, microseconds);
                Ok(ParseIrOpt::Parsed(duration, v))
            }
            Value::Bytes(ref val_bytes) => {
                let duration = match parse_mysql_time_string(val_bytes) {
                    Some((false, hours, minutes, seconds, microseconds)) => {
                        let days = hours / 24;
                        let hours = (hours % 24) as u8;
                        mysql_time_to_duration(days, hours, minutes, seconds, microseconds)
                    }
                    _ => return Err(FromValueError(v)),
                };
                Ok(ParseIrOpt::Parsed(duration, v))
            }
            v => Err(FromValueError(v)),
        }
    }
}

impl From<ParseIrOpt<Duration>> for Duration {
    fn from(value: ParseIrOpt<Duration>) -> Self {
        value.commit()
    }
}

impl From<ParseIrOpt<Duration>> for Value {
    fn from(value: ParseIrOpt<Duration>) -> Self {
        value.rollback()
    }
}

impl FromValue for Duration {
    type Intermediate = ParseIrOpt<Duration>;
}

impl TryFrom<Value> for String {
    type Error = FromValueError;

    fn try_from(v: Value) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        match v {
            Value::Bytes(bytes) => match String::from_utf8(bytes) {
                Ok(x) => Ok(x),
                Err(e) => Err(FromValueError(Value::Bytes(e.into_bytes()))),
            },
            v => Err(FromValueError(v)),
        }
    }
}

impl FromValue for String {
    type Intermediate = String;
}

impl TryFrom<Value> for Vec<u8> {
    type Error = FromValueError;

    fn try_from(v: Value) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        match v {
            Value::Bytes(bytes) => Ok(bytes),
            v => Err(FromValueError(v)),
        }
    }
}

impl FromValue for Vec<u8> {
    type Intermediate = Vec<u8>;
}

impl TryFrom<Value> for Arc<[u8]> {
    type Error = FromValueError;

    fn try_from(v: Value) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        match v {
            Value::Bytes(bytes) => Ok(bytes.into()),
            v => Err(FromValueError(v)),
        }
    }
}

impl FromValue for Arc<[u8]> {
    type Intermediate = Arc<[u8]>;
}

impl TryFrom<Value> for Rc<[u8]> {
    type Error = FromValueError;

    fn try_from(v: Value) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        match v {
            Value::Bytes(bytes) => Ok(bytes.into()),
            v => Err(FromValueError(v)),
        }
    }
}

impl FromValue for Rc<[u8]> {
    type Intermediate = Rc<[u8]>;
}

impl TryFrom<Value> for Box<[u8]> {
    type Error = FromValueError;

    fn try_from(v: Value) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        match v {
            Value::Bytes(bytes) => Ok(bytes.into()),
            v => Err(FromValueError(v)),
        }
    }
}

impl FromValue for Box<[u8]> {
    type Intermediate = Box<[u8]>;
}

impl TryFrom<Value> for Arc<str> {
    type Error = FromValueError;

    fn try_from(v: Value) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        match v {
            Value::Bytes(bytes) => match String::from_utf8(bytes) {
                Ok(x) => Ok(x.into()),
                Err(e) => Err(FromValueError(Value::Bytes(e.into_bytes()))),
            },
            v => Err(FromValueError(v)),
        }
    }
}

impl FromValue for Arc<str> {
    type Intermediate = Arc<str>;
}

impl TryFrom<Value> for Rc<str> {
    type Error = FromValueError;

    fn try_from(v: Value) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        match v {
            Value::Bytes(bytes) => match String::from_utf8(bytes) {
                Ok(x) => Ok(x.into()),
                Err(e) => Err(FromValueError(Value::Bytes(e.into_bytes()))),
            },
            v => Err(FromValueError(v)),
        }
    }
}

impl FromValue for Rc<str> {
    type Intermediate = Rc<str>;
}

impl TryFrom<Value> for Box<str> {
    type Error = FromValueError;

    fn try_from(v: Value) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        match v {
            Value::Bytes(bytes) => match String::from_utf8(bytes) {
                Ok(x) => Ok(x.into()),
                Err(e) => Err(FromValueError(Value::Bytes(e.into_bytes()))),
            },
            v => Err(FromValueError(v)),
        }
    }
}

impl FromValue for Box<str> {
    type Intermediate = Box<str>;
}

/// Intermediate result of a `Value`-to-`Option<T>` conversion.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq)]
pub enum OptionIr2<T: FromValue> {
    None,
    Some(T::Intermediate),
}

impl<T: FromValue> TryFrom<Value> for OptionIr2<T> {
    type Error = <<T as FromValue>::Intermediate as TryFrom<Value>>::Error;

    fn try_from(value: Value) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        match value {
            Value::NULL => Ok(Self::None),
            v => <T as FromValue>::Intermediate::try_from(v).map(Self::Some),
        }
    }
}

impl<T: FromValue> From<OptionIr2<T>> for Option<T> {
    fn from(ir: OptionIr2<T>) -> Self {
        match ir {
            OptionIr2::None => None,
            OptionIr2::Some(ir) => Some(ir.into()),
        }
    }
}

impl<T: FromValue> From<OptionIr2<T>> for Value
where
    <T as FromValue>::Intermediate: Into<Value>,
{
    fn from(ir: OptionIr2<T>) -> Self {
        match ir {
            OptionIr2::None => Value::NULL,
            OptionIr2::Some(ir) => ir.into(),
        }
    }
}

impl<T: FromValue> FromValue for Option<T> {
    type Intermediate = OptionIr2<T>;
}

// TODO: rustc is unable to conclude that Infallible equals FromValueError
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd)]
#[repr(transparent)]
pub struct ValueIr(pub Value);

impl TryFrom<Value> for ValueIr {
    type Error = FromValueError;

    fn try_from(value: Value) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        Ok(ValueIr(value))
    }
}

impl From<ValueIr> for Value {
    fn from(value: ValueIr) -> Self {
        value.0
    }
}

impl FromValue for Value {
    type Intermediate = ValueIr;
}

/// Will panic if could not convert `v` to `T`
pub fn from_value<T: FromValue>(v: Value) -> T {
    FromValue::from_value(v)
}

/// Will return `Err(FromValueError(v))` if could not convert `v` to `T`
pub fn from_value_opt<T: FromValue>(v: Value) -> Result<T, FromValueError> {
    FromValue::from_value_opt(v)
}

impl TryFrom<Value> for Cow<'static, str> {
    type Error = FromValueError;

    fn try_from(v: Value) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        match v {
            Value::Bytes(bytes) => match String::from_utf8(bytes) {
                Ok(x) => Ok(Cow::Owned(x)),
                Err(e) => Err(FromValueError(Value::Bytes(e.into_bytes()))),
            },
            v => Err(FromValueError(v)),
        }
    }
}

impl FromValue for Cow<'static, str> {
    type Intermediate = String;
}

impl TryFrom<Value> for Cow<'static, [u8]> {
    type Error = FromValueError;

    fn try_from(v: Value) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        match v {
            Value::Bytes(x) => Ok(Cow::Owned(x)),
            v => Err(FromValueError(v)),
        }
    }
}

impl FromValue for Cow<'static, [u8]> {
    type Intermediate = Cow<'static, [u8]>;
}

impl<const N: usize> TryFrom<Value> for [u8; N] {
    type Error = FromValueError;

    fn try_from(v: Value) -> Result<Self, Self::Error> {
        match v {
            Value::Bytes(bytes) => bytes
                .try_into()
                .map_err(|x| FromValueError(Value::Bytes(x))),
            v => Err(FromValueError(v)),
        }
    }
}

impl<const N: usize> FromValue for [u8; N] {
    type Intermediate = [u8; N];
}

fn parse_micros(micros_bytes: &[u8]) -> u32 {
    let mut micros = btou(micros_bytes).unwrap();

    let mut pad_zero_cnt = 0;
    for b in micros_bytes.iter() {
        if *b == b'0' {
            pad_zero_cnt += 1;
        } else {
            break;
        }
    }

    for _ in 0..(6 - pad_zero_cnt - (micros_bytes.len() - pad_zero_cnt)) {
        micros *= 10;
    }
    micros
}

/// Returns (is_neg, hours, minutes, seconds, microseconds)
fn parse_mysql_time_string(mut bytes: &[u8]) -> Option<(bool, u32, u8, u8, u32)> {
    #[derive(PartialEq, Eq, PartialOrd, Ord)]
    #[repr(u8)]
    enum TimeKind {
        HhMmSs = 0,
        HhhMmSs,
        HhMmSsMs,
        HhhMmSsMs,
    }

    if bytes.len() < 8 {
        return None;
    }

    let is_neg = bytes[0] == b'-';
    if is_neg {
        bytes = &bytes[1..];
    }

    let len = bytes.len();

    let kind = if len == 8 && TIME_RE_HH_MM_SS.is_match(bytes) {
        TimeKind::HhMmSs
    } else if len == 9 && TIME_RE_HHH_MM_SS.is_match(bytes) {
        TimeKind::HhhMmSs
    } else if TIME_RE_HH_MM_SS_MS.is_match(bytes) {
        TimeKind::HhMmSsMs
    } else if TIME_RE_HHH_MM_SS_MS.is_match(bytes) {
        TimeKind::HhhMmSsMs
    } else {
        return None;
    };

    let (hour_pos, min_pos, sec_pos, micros_pos) = match kind {
        TimeKind::HhMmSs => (..2, 3..5, 6..8, None),
        TimeKind::HhMmSsMs => (..2, 3..5, 6..8, Some(9..)),
        TimeKind::HhhMmSs => (..3, 4..6, 7..9, None),
        TimeKind::HhhMmSsMs => (..3, 4..6, 7..9, Some(10..)),
    };

    Some((
        is_neg,
        btou(&bytes[hour_pos]).unwrap(),
        btou(&bytes[min_pos]).unwrap(),
        btou(&bytes[sec_pos]).unwrap(),
        micros_pos.map(|pos| parse_micros(&bytes[pos])).unwrap_or(0),
    ))
}

impl From<Duration> for Value {
    fn from(x: Duration) -> Value {
        let mut secs_total = x.as_secs();
        let micros = (f64::from(x.subsec_nanos()) / 1000_f64).round() as u32;
        let seconds = (secs_total % 60) as u8;
        secs_total -= u64::from(seconds);
        let minutes = ((secs_total % (60 * 60)) / 60) as u8;
        secs_total -= u64::from(minutes) * 60;
        let hours = ((secs_total % (60 * 60 * 24)) / (60 * 60)) as u8;
        secs_total -= u64::from(hours) * 60 * 60;
        Value::Time(
            false,
            (secs_total / (60 * 60 * 24)) as u32,
            hours,
            minutes,
            seconds,
            micros,
        )
    }
}

pub trait ToValue {
    fn to_value(&self) -> Value;
}

impl<T: Into<Value> + Clone> ToValue for T {
    fn to_value(&self) -> Value {
        self.clone().into()
    }
}

impl<'a, T: ToValue> From<&'a T> for Value {
    fn from(x: &'a T) -> Value {
        x.to_value()
    }
}

impl<T: Into<Value>> From<Option<T>> for Value {
    fn from(x: Option<T>) -> Value {
        match x {
            None => Value::NULL,
            Some(x) => x.into(),
        }
    }
}

macro_rules! into_value_impl (
    (signed $t:ty) => (
        impl From<$t> for Value {
            fn from(x: $t) -> Value {
                Value::Int(x as i64)
            }
        }
    );
    (unsigned $t:ty) => (
        impl From<$t> for Value {
            fn from(x: $t) -> Value {
                Value::UInt(x as u64)
            }
        }
    );
);

into_value_impl!(signed i8);
into_value_impl!(signed i16);
into_value_impl!(signed i32);
into_value_impl!(signed i64);
into_value_impl!(signed isize);
into_value_impl!(unsigned u8);
into_value_impl!(unsigned u16);
into_value_impl!(unsigned u32);
into_value_impl!(unsigned u64);
into_value_impl!(unsigned usize);

impl From<i128> for Value {
    fn from(x: i128) -> Value {
        if let Some(x) = x.to_i64() {
            Value::Int(x)
        } else if let Some(x) = x.to_u64() {
            Value::UInt(x)
        } else {
            Value::Bytes(x.to_string().into())
        }
    }
}

impl From<u128> for Value {
    fn from(x: u128) -> Value {
        if let Some(x) = x.to_u64() {
            Value::UInt(x)
        } else {
            Value::Bytes(x.to_string().into())
        }
    }
}

impl From<f32> for Value {
    fn from(x: f32) -> Value {
        Value::Float(x)
    }
}

impl From<f64> for Value {
    fn from(x: f64) -> Value {
        Value::Double(x)
    }
}

impl From<bool> for Value {
    fn from(x: bool) -> Value {
        Value::Int(if x { 1 } else { 0 })
    }
}

impl<'a> From<&'a [u8]> for Value {
    fn from(x: &'a [u8]) -> Value {
        Value::Bytes(x.into())
    }
}

impl From<Box<[u8]>> for Value {
    fn from(x: Box<[u8]>) -> Value {
        Value::Bytes(x.into())
    }
}

impl From<Arc<[u8]>> for Value {
    fn from(x: Arc<[u8]>) -> Value {
        Value::Bytes(x.as_ref().into())
    }
}

impl From<Rc<[u8]>> for Value {
    fn from(x: Rc<[u8]>) -> Value {
        Value::Bytes(x.as_ref().into())
    }
}

impl From<Vec<u8>> for Value {
    fn from(x: Vec<u8>) -> Value {
        Value::Bytes(x)
    }
}

impl<'a> From<&'a str> for Value {
    fn from(x: &'a str) -> Value {
        let string: String = x.into();
        Value::Bytes(string.into_bytes())
    }
}

impl From<Box<str>> for Value {
    fn from(x: Box<str>) -> Value {
        Value::Bytes(String::from(x).into_bytes())
    }
}

impl From<Arc<str>> for Value {
    fn from(x: Arc<str>) -> Value {
        Value::Bytes(x.as_ref().as_bytes().into())
    }
}

impl From<Rc<str>> for Value {
    fn from(x: Rc<str>) -> Value {
        Value::Bytes(x.as_ref().as_bytes().into())
    }
}

impl<'a, T: ToOwned> From<Cow<'a, T>> for Value
where
    T::Owned: Into<Value>,
    &'a T: Into<Value>,
{
    fn from(x: Cow<'a, T>) -> Value {
        match x {
            Cow::Borrowed(x) => x.into(),
            Cow::Owned(x) => x.into(),
        }
    }
}

impl From<String> for Value {
    fn from(x: String) -> Value {
        Value::Bytes(x.into_bytes())
    }
}

impl<const N: usize> From<[u8; N]> for Value {
    fn from(x: [u8; N]) -> Value {
        Value::Bytes(x.to_vec())
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;
    use proptest::prelude::*;

    macro_rules! signed_primitive_roundtrip {
        ($t:ty, $name:ident) => {
            proptest! {
                #[test]
                fn $name(n: $t) {
                    let val = Value::Int(n as i64);
                    let val_bytes = Value::Bytes(n.to_string().into());
                    assert_eq!(Value::from(from_value::<$t>(val.clone())), val);
                    assert_eq!(Value::from(from_value::<$t>(val_bytes.clone())), val);
                    if n >= 0 {
                        let val_uint = Value::UInt(n as u64);
                        assert_eq!(Value::from(from_value::<$t>(val_uint.clone())), val);
                    }
                }
            }
        };
    }

    macro_rules! unsigned_primitive_roundtrip {
        ($t:ty, $name:ident) => {
            proptest! {
                #[test]
                fn $name(n: $t) {
                    let val = Value::UInt(n as u64);
                    let val_bytes = Value::Bytes(n.to_string().into());
                    assert_eq!(Value::from(from_value::<$t>(val.clone())), val);
                    assert_eq!(Value::from(from_value::<$t>(val_bytes.clone())), val);
                    if n as u64 <= i64::max_value() as u64 {
                        let val_int = Value::Int(n as i64);
                        assert_eq!(Value::from(from_value::<$t>(val_int.clone())), val);
                    }
                }
            }
        };
    }

    proptest! {
        #[test]
        fn bytes_roundtrip(s: Vec<u8>) {
            let val = Value::Bytes(s);
            assert_eq!(Value::from(from_value::<Vec<u8>>(val.clone())), val);
        }

        #[test]
        fn string_roundtrip(s: String) {
            let val = Value::Bytes(s.as_bytes().to_vec());
            assert_eq!(Value::from(from_value::<String>(val.clone())), val);
        }

        #[test]
        fn parse_mysql_time_string_parses_valid_time(
            s in r"-?[0-8][0-9][0-9]:[0-5][0-9]:[0-5][0-9](\.[0-9]{1,6})?"
        ) {
            parse_mysql_time_string(s.as_bytes()).unwrap();
            // Don't test `parse_mysql_time_string_with_time` here,
            // as this tests valid MySQL TIME values, not valid time ranges within a day.
            // Due to that, `time::parse` will return an Err for invalid time strings.
        }

        #[test]
        fn parse_mysql_time_string_parses_correctly(
            sign in 0..2,
            h in 0u32..900,
            m in 0u8..59,
            s in 0u8..59,
            have_us in 0..2,
            us in 0u32..1000000,
        ) {
            let time_string = format!(
                "{}{:02}:{:02}:{:02}{}",
                if sign == 1 { "-" } else { "" },
                h, m, s,
                if have_us == 1 {
                    format!(".{:06}", us)
                } else {
                    "".into()
                }
            );
            let time = parse_mysql_time_string(time_string.as_bytes()).unwrap();
            assert_eq!(time, (sign == 1, h, m, s, if have_us == 1 { us } else { 0 }));

            // Don't test `parse_mysql_time_string_with_time` here,
            // as this tests valid MySQL TIME values, not valid time ranges within a day.
            // Due to that, `time::parse` will return an Err for invalid time strings.
        }

        #[test]
        #[cfg(all(feature = "time02", test))]
        fn parse_mysql_datetime_string_parses_valid_time(
            s in r"[0-9]{4}-[0-9]{2}-[0-9]{2} [0-9]{2}:[0-9]{2}:[0-9]{2}(\.[0-9]{1,6})?"
        ) {
            parse_mysql_datetime_string(s.as_bytes()).unwrap();
        }

        #[test]
        #[cfg(all(feature = "time02", test))]
        fn parse_mysql_datetime_string_doesnt_crash(s in "\\PC*") {
            parse_mysql_datetime_string(s.as_bytes());
            let _ = super::time02::parse_mysql_datetime_string_with_time(s.as_bytes());
        }

        #[test]
        fn parse_int_as_bool(n: i64) {
            let val = Value::Int(n);
            if n == 0 {
                assert_eq!(from_value::<bool>(val), false);
            } else {
                assert_eq!(from_value::<bool>(val), true);
            }
        }

        #[test]
        fn parse_uint_as_bool(n: u64) {
            let val = Value::UInt(n);
            if n == 0 {
                assert_eq!(from_value::<bool>(val), false);
            } else {
                assert_eq!(from_value::<bool>(val), true);
            }
        }

        #[test]
        fn i128_roundtrip(
            bytes_pos in r"16[0-9]{37}",
            bytes_neg in r"-16[0-9]{37}",
            uint in (i64::max_value() as u64 + 1)..u64::max_value(),
            int: i64,
        ) {
            let val_bytes_pos = Value::Bytes(bytes_pos.as_bytes().into());
            let val_bytes_neg = Value::Bytes(bytes_neg.as_bytes().into());
            let val_uint = Value::UInt(uint);
            let val_int = Value::Int(int);

            assert_eq!(Value::from(from_value::<i128>(val_bytes_pos.clone())), val_bytes_pos);
            assert_eq!(Value::from(from_value::<i128>(val_bytes_neg.clone())), val_bytes_neg);
            assert_eq!(Value::from(from_value::<i128>(val_uint.clone())), val_uint);
            assert_eq!(Value::from(from_value::<i128>(val_int.clone())), val_int);
        }

        #[test]
        fn u128_roundtrip(
            bytes in r"16[0-9]{37}",
            uint: u64,
            int in 0i64..i64::max_value(),
        ) {
            let val_bytes = Value::Bytes(bytes.as_bytes().into());
            let val_uint = Value::UInt(uint);
            let val_int = Value::Int(int);

            assert_eq!(Value::from(from_value::<u128>(val_bytes.clone())), val_bytes);
            assert_eq!(Value::from(from_value::<u128>(val_uint.clone())), val_uint);
            assert_eq!(Value::from(from_value::<u128>(val_int)), Value::UInt(int as u64));
        }

        #[test]
        fn f32_roundtrip(n: f32) {
            let val = Value::Float(n);
            let val_bytes = Value::Bytes(n.to_string().into());
            assert_eq!(Value::from(from_value::<f32>(val.clone())), val);
            assert_eq!(Value::from(from_value::<f32>(val_bytes)), val);
        }

        #[test]
        fn f64_roundtrip(n: f64) {
            let val = Value::Double(n);
            let val_bytes = Value::Bytes(n.to_string().into());
            assert_eq!(Value::from(from_value::<f64>(val.clone())), val);
            assert_eq!(Value::from(from_value::<f64>(val_bytes)), val);
        }
    }

    signed_primitive_roundtrip!(i8, i8_roundtrip);
    signed_primitive_roundtrip!(i16, i16_roundtrip);
    signed_primitive_roundtrip!(i32, i32_roundtrip);
    signed_primitive_roundtrip!(i64, i64_roundtrip);

    unsigned_primitive_roundtrip!(u8, u8_roundtrip);
    unsigned_primitive_roundtrip!(u16, u16_roundtrip);
    unsigned_primitive_roundtrip!(u32, u32_roundtrip);
    unsigned_primitive_roundtrip!(u64, u64_roundtrip);

    #[test]
    fn from_value_should_fail_on_integer_overflow() {
        let value = Value::Bytes(b"340282366920938463463374607431768211456"[..].into());
        assert!(from_value_opt::<u8>(value.clone()).is_err());
        assert!(from_value_opt::<i8>(value.clone()).is_err());
        assert!(from_value_opt::<u16>(value.clone()).is_err());
        assert!(from_value_opt::<i16>(value.clone()).is_err());
        assert!(from_value_opt::<u32>(value.clone()).is_err());
        assert!(from_value_opt::<i32>(value.clone()).is_err());
        assert!(from_value_opt::<u64>(value.clone()).is_err());
        assert!(from_value_opt::<i64>(value.clone()).is_err());
        assert!(from_value_opt::<u128>(value.clone()).is_err());
        assert!(from_value_opt::<i128>(value).is_err());
    }

    #[test]
    fn from_value_should_fail_on_integer_underflow() {
        let value = Value::Bytes(b"-170141183460469231731687303715884105729"[..].into());
        assert!(from_value_opt::<u8>(value.clone()).is_err());
        assert!(from_value_opt::<i8>(value.clone()).is_err());
        assert!(from_value_opt::<u16>(value.clone()).is_err());
        assert!(from_value_opt::<i16>(value.clone()).is_err());
        assert!(from_value_opt::<u32>(value.clone()).is_err());
        assert!(from_value_opt::<i32>(value.clone()).is_err());
        assert!(from_value_opt::<u64>(value.clone()).is_err());
        assert!(from_value_opt::<i64>(value.clone()).is_err());
        assert!(from_value_opt::<u128>(value.clone()).is_err());
        assert!(from_value_opt::<i128>(value).is_err());
    }

    #[cfg(feature = "nightly")]
    #[cfg(feature = "chrono")]
    #[bench]
    fn bench_parse_mysql_datetime_string(bencher: &mut test::Bencher) {
        let text = "1234-12-12 12:12:12.123456";
        bencher.bytes = text.len() as u64;
        bencher.iter(|| {
            parse_mysql_datetime_string(text.as_bytes()).unwrap();
        });
    }

    #[cfg(feature = "nightly")]
    #[bench]
    fn bench_parse_mysql_time_string(bencher: &mut test::Bencher) {
        let text = "-012:34:56.012345";
        bencher.bytes = text.len() as u64;
        bencher.iter(|| {
            parse_mysql_time_string(text.as_bytes()).unwrap();
        });
    }

    #[test]
    fn value_float_read_conversions_work() {
        let original_f32 = std::f32::consts::PI;
        let float_value = Value::Float(original_f32);

        // Reading an f32 from a MySQL float works.
        let converted_f32: f32 = f32::from_value_opt(float_value.clone()).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(converted_f32, original_f32);

        // Reading an f64 from a MySQL float also works (lossless cast).
        let converted_f64: f64 = f64::from_value_opt(float_value).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(converted_f64, original_f32 as f64);
    }

    #[test]
    fn value_double_read_conversions_work() {
        let original_f64 = std::f64::consts::PI;
        let double_value = Value::Double(original_f64);

        // Reading an f64 from a MySQL double works.
        let converted_f64: f64 = f64::from_value_opt(double_value.clone()).unwrap();
        assert_eq!(converted_f64, original_f64);

        // Reading an f32 from a MySQL double fails (precision loss).
        assert!(f32::from_value_opt(double_value).is_err());
    }

    #[cfg(feature = "nightly")]
    #[bench]
    fn bench_parse_mysql_datetime_string_with_time(bencher: &mut test::Bencher) {
        let text = "1234-12-12 12:12:12.123456";
        bencher.bytes = text.len() as u64;
        bencher.iter(|| {
            parse_mysql_datetime_string_with_time(text.as_bytes()).unwrap();
        });
    }

    #[cfg(feature = "nightly")]
    #[bench]
    fn bench_parse_mysql_time_string_with_time(bencher: &mut test::Bencher) {
        let text = "12:34:56.012345";
        bencher.bytes = text.len() as u64;
        bencher.iter(|| {
            parse_mysql_time_string_with_time(text.as_bytes()).unwrap();
        });
    }
}